Mastectomy - Top surgery

• Double Incision (DI) Mastectomy: This procedure involves making horizontal incisions under the pectoral muscles to remove breast tissue and excess skin. It's suitable for patients with larger breasts or who desire a more masculine chest contour.
• Keyhole or Periareolar Mastectomy: Ideal for patients with smaller breasts and minimal excess skin, this technique involves making a small incision around the areola to remove breast tissue. It results in minimal scarring but is less suitable for larger breasts.
• Buttonhole or Inverted-T Mastectomy: Combines aspects of DI and periareolar techniques, using a horizontal incision under the pectoral muscle and around the areola. It's beneficial for patients with moderate breast size and provides good nipple placement control.
• T-Spine or T-anchor Mastectomy: Involves creating a T-shaped incision pattern, extending horizontally under the pectoral muscle and vertically down the chest midline. This technique allows for maximal skin and tissue removal, often chosen for patients with larger breasts.
• Non-Binary or Gender-Affirming Mastectomy: Some patients may opt for techniques that preserve some breast tissue to achieve a chest appearance that aligns with their gender identity without conforming strictly to traditional male or female chest characteristics.

These options vary in terms of scarring, nipple sensation preservation, and suitability based on individual breast size and desired aesthetic outcomes. Consulting with a qualified plastic surgeon experienced in gender-affirming procedures is crucial to determine the most appropriate mastectomy approach based on personal goals and medical considerations.