Stem cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells (unique homogeneous cells) present in the human body that have the ability to differentiate into different types of specialized cells. They are essential for tissue growth, repair and regeneration. Stem cells can develop into cells that serve numerous functions in different body parts during early life and growth. Thanks to their potential for differentiation, stem cells offer many promising therapeutic applications.

Stem cells, in many tissues, can act as an internal repair system, dividing essentially without limit to replenish other cells, regenerate and replace damaged tissues and organs in the body.

Stem cells can treat many diseases, for example, diabetes type 1, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis, injuries and genetic disorders. Scientific research reveals that human Amniotic Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hAF-MSCs) are highly effective. Not only in the rejuvenation of the body but also in repairing accident or age- related tissue damage.

This exciting, cutting edge medical treatment is evolving rapidly.

The Different Types of Stem Cells

There are 3 types of stem cells

1. Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryo stem cells are extracted from human embryos and are capable of differentiating into all types of cells in the human body. They are used in the research and development of treatments for many diseases.

2. Adult Stem Cells

Adult stem cells are found in different tissues of the body, such as bone marrow, blood, skin, and fatty tissue. They are responsible for the regeneration and repair of damaged tissues.

3. Induced Stem Cells

Induced stem cells, also known as iPS cells, are adult cells reprogrammed in the laboratory to acquire characteristics similar to those of embryonic stem cells. They offer an ethical alternative to embryonic stem cells for research and therapeutic applications.

Characteristics of stem cells

Cells that have the potential to transform into different types of cells and renew themselves are called "stem cells". Stem cells have two important characteristics: First, these cells can divide to renew themselves over long periods of time, millions of cells can arise from a single stem cell.

Second, a stem cell cannot work with its neighbors to pump blood throughout the body, such as in heart muscle, cannot transport oxygen to tissues such as red blood cells, or transmit signals electrochemicals needed by tissues and organs such as nerve cells. However, unspecialized stem cells can come from specialized cells such as heart muscle cells, blood cells, or nerve cells.

Four basic characteristics of stem cells are very important in the use of these cells for therapeutic purposes:

• They can settle in the area of inflammation when they are injected into the vein after tissue damage
• They can secrete a large number of bioactive molecules that allow damaged cells to heal and suppress inflammation
• They do not cause of allergic reactions in the body and have functions of regulating the immune system
• They differentiate into different types of cells

Although stem cells are theoretically obtained from many tissues and organs, at present the most widely used sources in stem cell applications for therapeutic purposes are; bone marrow, umbilical cord and amniotic fluid, joint fluid or membrane and umbilical fatty tissue.